What are the Causes of Thyroid Cancer? Understanding the Risk Factors
While the exact cause of thyroid cancer isn’t always known, certain risk factors have been identified that may increase the likelihood of developing the disease. These can range from genetic influences and hormonal factors to environmental exposures. Understanding what may contribute to thyroid cancer can help with early awareness, prevention, and informed decision-making.
What are the Causes of Thyroid Cancer and the Risk Factors Associated with it?
The following factors can raise the risk of thyroid cancer:
Changes in specific genes can cause thyroid cells to grow uncontrollably, leading to cancer. Some mutations are inherited, while others occur over time.
A family history of thyroid cancer or genetic conditions like familial medullary thyroid carcinoma (FMTC) or multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) increases risk.
Exposure to high levels of radiation, especially during childhood (e.g., radiation treatments to the head or neck), is a well-known risk factor.
An imbalance in iodine intake (either too low or too high) can influence the development of certain types of thyroid cancer.
Thyroid cancer is more common in women than men, and the risk increases with age, particularly between 30 and 60 years.
Conditions like Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, which cause long-term inflammation of the thyroid, may slightly increase the risk.
Though less common, exposure to certain chemicals or pollutants may contribute to thyroid cell changes over time.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs):
Q1. What is the main cause of thyroid cancer?
A. There is no single main cause, but genetic mutations, radiation exposure, and family history are significant contributing factors.
Q2. Can thyroid cancer be inherited?
A. Yes, some types, particularly medullary thyroid cancer, can run in families due to inherited genetic mutations.
Q3. Can thyroid conditions like goiter or hypothyroidism cause cancer?
A. Chronic thyroid conditions may slightly raise the risk, but most people with these issues do not develop cancer.
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Author Bio:
Dr. Yashashree Joshi – MBBS, MD (Philippines)
Dr. Yashashree Joshi, MD, is a globally-trained oncologist with a robust academic background and extensive experience in pioneering cancer treatments. Dedicated to patient-centered care, she continually integrates the latest advancements in oncology to provide her patients with innovative and personalized treatment plans.
Content Medically Reviewed By MedicoExperts Editorial & Clinically Review Board
